Estimation of the Stochastic Volatility of a Diffusion Process I. Comparison of Haar basis Estimator and Kernel Estimators

نویسنده

  • Pierre BERTRAND
چکیده

Let (X t) be a stochastic process satisfying dX t = b(t; X t)dt + (t) dW t with a stochastic volatility (t) (thus less regular than C 1). We have a discretized observation at discrete times t i = i for i = 1;::: ; N. We want to estimate (t). We compare three families of non-parametric estimators: Wavelet Estimator in the Haar basis, Moving Average Estimator and Centered Moving Average Estimator (CMAE). We emphasis the dependence of the estimators on the size of the observation window. This is a new point of view. We prove the punctual convergence of the three estimators at the same rate. Then, we study Mean Integrated Square Error (MISE) as a function of the window size, we show it is smaller for Centred Moving Average Estimator (CMAE) than for Haar Basis Estimator in most circumstances. We prove a Central Limit Theorem for Integrated Square Error (ISE) in the deterministic case. We conclude by numerical simulations which illustrate our theorical results. AMS Classiications. 62M 05, 60G 35. Estimation de la volatilitt stochastique d'un processus de diiusion I. Comparaison d'estimateurs d'ondelette et d'estimateurs noyau. RRsumm : Soit (X t) un processus stochastique solution de l'EDS dX t = b(t; X t)dt + (t) dW t : On dispose de l'observation d'une trajectoire X t des instants discrets t i = i avec i = 1 On veut estimer le coeecient de diiusion (t) (appell volatilitt dans la litttrature nanciire) dans le cas oo celui-ci serait stochastique (processus sauts ou diiusion, par exemple). On compare trois familles d'estimateurs non-parammtriques : un estimateur d'ondelette par projection dans la base de Haar et deux estimateurs noyau qui, de fait, correspondent une moyenne mobile, pour le premier et une moyenne mobile recentrre, pour le second. Nous explicitons la ddpendance des estimateurs par rapport la taille de la fenntre (i.e le nombre d'observations prises en compte). Ceci est nouveau. On montre que les trois estimateurs convergent ponctuellement la mmme vitesse. On tudie ensuite l'Erreur Quadratique Moyenne Inttgrre (MISE) comme fonction de la fenntre et on montre qu'elle est, le plus souvent, plus petite pour l'estimateur de la moyenne mobile recentrre que pour l'estimateur dans la base de Haar. DDs qu'il y a au moins un saut de volatilitt, l'erreur quadratique moyenne inttgrre est une fonction oscillante de la fenntre pour l'estimateur d'ondelette. Par contre, ce phhnommne n'apparait pas pour l'estimateur …

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تاریخ انتشار 1996